Ucwaningo lokudla okusemathinini okuthambile luholwa yi-United States, kusukela ngo-1940. Ngo-1956, uNelson noSeinberg base-Illinois bazama ukuzama amafilimu amaningana okuhlanganisa nefilimu ye-polyester. Kusukela ngo-1958, i-US Army Natick Institute kanye ne-SWIFT Institute baqale ukutadisha ukudla okusemathinini okuthambile okungasetshenziswa amasosha, ukuze kusetshenziswe isikhwama esiphekiwe esikhundleni sokudla okusemathinini okusemathinini empini, inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa nokusebenza. Ukudla okusemathinini okuthambile okwenziwe yi-Natick Institute ngo-1969 kwathenjwa futhi kwasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kuhlelo lwe-Apollo Aerospace.
Ngo-1968, i-Japanese Otsuka Food Industry Co., Ltd. isebenzisa umkhiqizo we-curry ocacile ofaka isikhwama se-retort esishisayo, futhi ifinyelele ekuthengisweni eJapane. Ngo-1969, i-aluminium foil yashintshwa njengento eluhlaza ukuze kwandiswe ikhwalithi yesikhwama, ukuze ukuthengiswa kwemakethe kuqhubeke nokukhula; ngo-1970, yaqala ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yelayisi ehlanganiswe nezikhwama ze-retort; ngo-1972, kwathuthukiswa isikhwama se-retort, futhi ukuthengiswa, impahla, ama-meatball anezikhwama ze-retort nawo afakwa emakethe.
Isikhwama sokuphendula esifana nefoyile ye-aluminium saqala ukwenziwa ngezingqimba ezintathu zezinto ezingamelani nokushisa, ezibizwa ngokuthi “isikhwama sokuphendula” (RP ngamafuphi), isikhwama sokuphendula esithengiswa yiToyo Can Company yaseJapan, esinefoyile ye-aluminium ebizwa ngokuthi i-RP-F (emelana nokushisa okungu-135 ° C), izikhwama ezihlanganisiwe ezicacile ezinezingqimba eziningi ezingenafoyile ye-aluminium zibizwa ngokuthi i-RP-T, i-RR-N (emelana nokushisa okungu-120 ° C). Amazwe aseYurophu naseMelika abiza lesi sikhwama ngokuthi ithini eliguquguqukayo (ithini eliguquguqukayo noma ithini elithambile).
Izici zesikhwama sokugoba
1. Ingahlanzwa ngokuphelele, ama-microorganisms ngeke angene, futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwayo side. Isikhwama esibonakalayo sinokuphila kwesikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa, kanti isikhwama sokuphendula sohlobo lwe-aluminium foil sinokuphila kwesikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili.
2. Ukuvuleka komoya-mpilo kanye nokuvuleka komswakama kuseduze no-zero, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi okuqukethwe kushintshe amakhemikhali, futhi kungagcina ikhwalithi yokuqukethwe isikhathi eside.
3. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nemishini yokudla okusemathinini okusemathinini ensimbi nasemabhodleleni engilazi kungasetshenziswa.
4. Ukuvalwa kuthembekile futhi kulula.
5. Isikhwama singavalwa ngokushisa futhi singashaywa ngezimbobo ezimise okwe-V kanye no-U, okulula ukuzidabula nokuzidla ngesandla.
6. Umhlobiso wokunyathelisa muhle kakhulu.
7. Ingadliwa ngemva kokufudumala zingakapheli imizuzu emi-3.
8. Ingagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa futhi ingadliwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
9. Ifanele ukupakisha ukudla okuncane, njenge-fish fillet, i-meat fillet, njll.
10. Kulula ukuphatha udoti.
11. Usayizi wesikhwama ungakhethwa ngezindlela eziningi, ikakhulukazi isikhwama esincane sokupakisha, esilula kakhulu kunokudla okusemathinini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-14-2022