Ezweni lokukhiqiza izithelo ezisemathinini, ukugcina ukuphepha komkhiqizo nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kweshelufu kuncike kakhulu kubuchwepheshe obuqondile bokubulala amagciwane—futhi ama-autoclave ayingxenye ebalulekile yemishini kulo msebenzi obalulekile. Inqubo iqala ngokulayisha imikhiqizo edinga ukubulala amagciwane ku-autoclave, kulandelwe ukubopha umnyango ukuze kudalwe indawo evalekile. Kuye ngezidingo ezithile zokushisa zesigaba sokugcwalisa izithelo ezisemathinini, amanzi enqubo yokubulala amagciwane—ashiswa kusengaphambili kuze kube yilapho eshisa ethangini lamanzi ashisayo—apompelwa ku-autoclave aze afinyelele ezingeni loketshezi elichazwe yizinqubo zokukhiqiza. Kwezinye izimo, umthamo omncane wamanzi ale nqubo nawo uqondiswa emapayipini okufafaza nge-heat exchanger, okubeka isisekelo sokwelashwa okufanayo.
Uma ukusethwa kokuqala sekuqediwe, isigaba sokubulala amagciwane okushisa siqala ukungena egiyeni. Iphampu yokujikeleza iqhuba amanzi enqubo ngohlangothi olulodwa lwesishintshi sokushisa, lapho efuthwa khona kuyo yonke i-autoclave. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesishintshi, umusi wethulwa ukuze kukhushulwe izinga lokushisa lamanzi liye ezingeni elinqunyiwe. I-valve yefilimu ilawula ukugeleza komusi ukuze kugcinwe amazinga okushisa ezinzile, iqinisekise ukuhambisana kulo lonke ibhetshi. Amanzi ashisayo afakwa ku-atom abe yisifutho esihle esimboza ubuso besitsha ngasinye sezithelo ezisemathinini, umklamo ovimbela izindawo ezishisayo futhi oqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo ngamunye uthola ukubulala amagciwane okulinganayo. Izinzwa zokushisa zisebenza kanye nohlelo lokulawula lwe-PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) ukuqapha nokulungisa noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka, ukugcina izimo zingaphakathi kobubanzi obuncane obudingekayo ukuze kuncishiswe amagciwane ngempumelelo.
Lapho ukubulala amagciwane kufinyelela esiphethweni sako, uhlelo lushintshela ekupholiseni. Ukujova ngomusi kuyayeka, bese kuvulwa ivalvu yamanzi abandayo, ithumela amanzi abandayo ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesishintshi sokushisa. Lokhu kwehlisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi acutshungulwayo kanye nezithelo ezisemathinini ngaphakathi kwe-autoclave, isinyathelo esisiza ekulondolozeni ukuthungwa nokunambitheka kwesithelo ngenkathi silungiselela imikhiqizo yokuphathwa okulandelayo.
Isigaba sokugcina sihilela ukukhipha noma yimaphi amanzi asele ku-autoclave nokukhulula ingcindezi nge-valve yokukhipha umoya. Uma ingcindezi isilinganisiwe futhi uhlelo seluphelile, umjikelezo wokubulala amagciwane usuqediwe ngokuphelele, futhi izithelo ezisemathinini sezilungele ukuqhubekela phambili emgqeni wokukhiqiza—ziphephile, zizinzile, futhi zilungele ukusatshalaliswa ezimakethe.
Le nqubo elandelanayo kodwa exhumene iqokomisa indlela ubuchwepheshe be-autoclave obulinganisela ngayo ukunemba nokusebenza kahle, bubhekana nezidingo eziyinhloko zabakhiqizi bezithelo ezisemathinini ukuze banikeze imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi. Njengoba isidingo sabathengi sezimpahla ezisemathinini ezithembekile nezihlala isikhathi eside siqhubeka, indima yemishini yokubulala amagciwane elinganiswe kahle njenge-autoclaves isalokhu ibalulekile embonini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-27-2025